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Case Report
Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology Diagnosis of Solid Pseudopapillary Neoplasm: Three Case Reports with Review of Literature
Joon Seon Song, Chong Woo Yoo, Youngmee Kwon, Eun Kyung Hong
Korean J Pathol. 2012;46(4):399-406.   Published online August 23, 2012
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/KoreanJPathol.2012.46.4.399
  • 7,701 View
  • 51 Download
  • 14 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF

Solid pseudopapillary neoplasm of the pancreas (SPN) is relatively rare and it occurs almost exclusively in women. We recently experienced three cases of SPN diagnosed by endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA). These three cases were two male and one female patient whose age was 29, 37, and 44 years old. Radiological diagnosis was pancreatic endocrine tumor (PEN) showing solid with a heterogenous echogenicity. EUS-FNA cytology specimens consisted of single cells and aggregates of uniform cells, forming microadenoid structures, branching, papillary clusters with delicate fibrovascular cores. In conclusion, a single diagnosis of SPN based on clinical and radiological findings would be risky because there is a possibility of it being misdiagnosed as PEN or other malignancies. An EUS-FNA is therefore essential for establishing the diagnosis. In addition, the pathologists should recognize the characteristic cytologic findings with immunoprofiles of SPN to prevent misdiagnosis of SPN.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Laparoscopic parenchyma-sparing resections for solid pseudopapillary tumors located in the head of pancreas
    Zhengdong Zou, Lu Feng, Bing Peng, Jianhua Liu, Yunqiang Cai
    BMC Surgery.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Solid pancreatic masses in children: A review of current evidence and clinical challenges
    Kelli N. Patterson, Andrew T. Trout, Archana Shenoy, Maisam Abu-El-Haija, Jaimie D. Nathan
    Frontiers in Pediatrics.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Pancreatic solid pseudopapillary neoplasm in male patients: systematic review with three new cases
    Anna Caterina Milanetto, Anna-Lea Gais Zürcher, Lorenzo Macchi, Alina David, Claudio Pasquali
    Updates in Surgery.2021; 73(4): 1285.     CrossRef
  • Silencing c-Myc Enhances the Antitumor Activity of Bufalin by Suppressing the HIF-1α/SDF-1/CXCR4 Pathway in Pancreatic Cancer Cells
    Xia Liu, Yayun Zhou, Jiamin Peng, Bei Xie, Qiyang Shou, Jianchao Wang
    Frontiers in Pharmacology.2020;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Simultaneous colorectal and parenchymal-sparing liver resection for advanced colorectal carcinoma with synchronous liver metastases: Between conventional and mini-invasive approaches
    Emilio De Raffele, Mariateresa Mirarchi, Dajana Cuicchi, Ferdinando Lecce, Riccardo Casadei, Claudio Ricci, Saverio Selva, Francesco Minni
    World Journal of Gastroenterology.2020; 26(42): 6529.     CrossRef
  • Solid pseudopapillary neoplasm of the pancreas showing marked distal atrophy: A case report
    Masanori Tsujie, Tomoko Wakasa, Shigeto Mizuno, Hajime Ishikawa, Hironobu Manabe, Taichi Koyama, Kotaro Kitani, Shumpei Satoi, Keisuke Inoue, Shuichi Fukuda, Toshihiko Kawasaki, Masao Yukawa, Yoshio Ohta, Masatoshi Inoue
    International Journal of Surgery Case Reports.2019; 55: 136.     CrossRef
  • Solid pseudopapillary neoplasm of the pancreas in pediatric patients: A case report and institutional case series
    Justin B. Mahida, Rajan K. Thakkar, Jon Walker, Rulong Shen, Brian D. Kenney, Vinay Prasad, Jennifer H. Aldrink
    Journal of Pediatric Surgery Case Reports.2015; 3(4): 149.     CrossRef
  • Onsite cytopathology evaluation and ancillary studies beneficial in EUS‐FNA of pancreatic, mediastinal, intra‐abdominal, and submucosal lesions
    Shafqat Mehmood, Amna Jahan, Asif Loya, Muhammed Aasim Yusuf
    Diagnostic Cytopathology.2015; 43(4): 278.     CrossRef
  • Multicentric solid pseudopapillary neoplasms of the pancreas diagnosed by endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration: a case report
    Megumi Yamaguchi, Toshikatsu Fukuda, Masahiro Nakahara, Mio Amano, Daisuke Takei, Masumi Kawashima, Yusuke Sumi, Hironobu Amano, Shuji Yonehara, Keiji Hanada, Toshio Noriyuki
    Surgical Case Reports.2015;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • A solid pseudopapillary neoplasm without cysts that occurred in a patient diagnosed by endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration: a case report
    Masakuni Fujii, Masao Yoshioka, Takefumi Niguma, Hiroaki Saito, Toru Kojima, Soichiro Nose, Junji Shiode
    Journal of Medical Case Reports.2014;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Surgical Management and Long-Term Follow-Up of Solid Pseudopapillary Tumor of Pancreas: A Large Series from a Single Institution
    Yunqiang Cai, Xun Ran, Siming Xie, Xin Wang, Bing Peng, Gang Mai, Xubao Liu
    Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery.2014; 18(5): 935.     CrossRef
  • A case of solid-pseudopapillary neoplasm in a middle-aged male preoperatively diagnosed by endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA)
    Shin KATO, Takuya HONBU, Moriya ZAKIMI, Kenji CHINEN, Tomiaki KUBOTA, Masayuki ARASHIRO, Kaoru KIKUCHI, Takahiro MURAKAMI, Fumihito KUNISHIMA
    Suizo.2014; 29(2): 263.     CrossRef
  • Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration improves the pre-operative diagnostic yield of solid-pseudopapillary neoplasm of the pancreas: an international multicenter case series (with video)
    Joanna K. Law, Alina Stoita, Wallia Weaver, Ferga C. Gleeson, Andrew M. Dries, Amanda Blackford, Vandhana Kiswani, Eun Ji Shin, Mouen A. Khashab, Marcia Irene Canto, Vikesh K. Singh, Anne Marie Lennon
    Surgical Endoscopy.2014; 28(9): 2592.     CrossRef
  • Multiple Diagnostic Imaging of a Patient with Solid Pseudopapillary Tumour of the Pancreas: EUS, CT and FDG PET/CT
    Ari Chong, Jung-Min Ha, Seong Young Kwon
    Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging.2014; 48(1): 82.     CrossRef
Review
The Cytopathology of Body Cavity Fluid.
Eun Kyung Hong
Korean J Cytopathol. 2008;19(2):72-85.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3338/kjc.2008.19.2.72
  • 2,081 View
  • 20 Download
  • 1 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF
Cytologic examination of the body cavity fluid is very important because the specimens represent a significant percentage of nongynecologic samples and this cytologic examination may be the first, best or only chance for making the diagnosis of an underlying malignancy. The purposes of body cavity fluid examination are to correctly identify cancer cells and if possible, to identify the tumor types and primary sites when presented with unknown primary tumor sites. The most important basic differential diagnosis is that of benign and reactive disease vs malignant disease. Reactive mesothelial cells are a consistent population in body cavity fluid, and these are the most versatile cells in the body. Due to the specific environment of the body cavity, the exfoliated reactive mesothelial cells may show significant morphologic overlap with the morphology of cancer cells. With a focus on the differential points between reactive mesothelial cells and metastatic adenocarcinoma cells, the practical diagnostic approaches, the diagnostic clues and the pitfalls to achieve a correct diagnosis are presented in this review.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • A cytological observation of the fluid in the primo-nodes and vessels on the surfaces of mammalian internal organs
    Baeckkyoung Sung, Min Su Kim, Byung-Cheon Lee, Seong-Hun Ahn, Sung-Yeoun Hwang, Kwang-Sup Soh
    Biologia.2010; 65(5): 914.     CrossRef
Case Report
Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology of Metastatic Prostatic Adenocarcinoma, Pseudohyperplastic Variant.
Youngmee Kwon, Won Seo Park, Geon Kook Lee, Eun Kyung Hong
Korean J Cytopathol. 2008;19(2):183-187.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3338/kjc.2008.19.2.183
  • 2,021 View
  • 13 Download
AbstractAbstract PDF
Pseudohyperplastic prostatic adenocarcinoma is a rare histologic variant of prostatic adenocarcinoma that resembles benign nodular hyperplasia. Immunohistochemistry can verify the absence of basal cells, but it is frequently admixed with conventional adenocarcinoma. Because fine needle aspiration cytology is rarely performed in primary prostatic adenocarcinoma, the cytology of the pseudohyperplastic variant has not been described. We experienced a case of metastatic pseudohyperplastic adenocarcinoma in a pulmonary nodule of 75-year-old man. The cytologic smear was mostly composed of large, flat sheets with elongated branching papillae in a clean background. The sheets showed a well-defined honeycomb appearance of tall columnar, regularly arranged monotonous cells with little cytologic atypia. In subsequent prostatic biopsy, pseudohyperplastic variants were identified together with conventional adenocarcinoma of Gleason's grade 3 and 4. The cytologic features of pulmonary nodules were identical to those of pseudohyperplastic components of prostatic adenocarcinoma.
Original Article
Alpha-Fetoprotein-Producing Carcinoma of the Gallbladder.
Young Ha Oh, Haeng Ji Kang, Hyoung Guen Lee, Eun Kyung Hong, Yong Il Kim, Jung Dal Lee
Korean J Pathol. 1996;30(5):453-456.
  • 1,730 View
  • 18 Download
AbstractAbstract PDF
Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is a well-known tumor marker for hepatocellular carcinoma, hepatoblastoma, and yolk sac tumors. There are several studies on AFP-producing tumors that arose from the gastrointestinal tract, pancreas, lung, kidney, and urachal tract. AFP-producing carcinoma of the gallbladder is extremely rare. We report a case of AFP-producing carcinoma of the gallbladder without liver involvement in a 58-year-old man with a gallstone, on which clinical, morphologic, and immunohistochemical studies were performed.
Case Reports
Idiopathic Entero-colic Lymphocytic Phlebitis: A case report.
Seung Sam Paik, Young Ha Oh, Eun Kyung Hong, Jung Dal Lee
Korean J Pathol. 1996;30(6):533-538.
  • 1,703 View
  • 25 Download
AbstractAbstract PDF
Localized enterocolic lymphocytic phlebitis is characterized by selective phlebitis involving the small to medium-sized veins and venules, infiltration exclusively by lymphocytes, and no other systemic vasculitis or inflammatory bowel disease. This vasculitis can be a rare cause of intestinal ischemia. We experienced a case of enterocolic lymphocytic phlebitis in a 72-year-old woman, who presented with abdominal pain and distension. The resected colon and terminal ileum showed striking lymphocytic phlebitis affecting the veins and venules of the bowel and mesentery which resulted in ischemic injury of the bowel. This vasculopathy was the only demonstrable cause of ischemia. Arteritis and arteriolitis was not found. There is no clinical or laboratory evidence or a history of extraintestinal vasculitis. The etiology of this clinicopathological entity has not been elucidated. Herein, we report the clinicopathological findings in this patient who presented with ischemic intestinal necrosis caused by localized intestinal lymphocytic phlebitis associated with thrombosis.
Ureteral Fibroepithelial Polyp: A report of four cases (One case with nephrogenic adenoma).
Won Mee Lee, Seung Sam Paik, Eun Kyung Hong, Moon Hyang Park, Jung Dal Lee
Korean J Pathol. 1996;30(8):715-720.
  • 1,611 View
  • 29 Download
AbstractAbstract PDF
Fibroepithelial polyps of the ureter are usually acquired rather than congenital. Most polyps are hamartomatous growths which tend to arise in the proximal portion of the left ureter. Most patients exibit either hematuria or persistent flank pain secondary to partial ureteral obstruction. Because of false positivity of urine cytology, as well as intravenous pyelogram, the correct diagnosis is confused with malignancy. Herein we report four cases of ureteral fibroepithelial polyp, which are associated with stones resulting in partial obstruction of the ureter. One of the four cases is associated with nephrogenic adenoma in the lamina propria of the adjacent ureter. The following report describes clinicopathologic findings of fibroepithelial polyp with review of literatures.
Original Articles
Mucinous Adenocarcinoma of Anal Ducts.
Young Ha Oh, Wan Seop Kim, Eun Kyung Hong, Moon Hyang Park, Jung Dal Lee
Korean J Pathol. 1996;30(9):843-850.
  • 1,938 View
  • 37 Download
AbstractAbstract PDF
Anal duct carcinoma is a rare tumor, and accounts for less than 5 percent of all anal cancers, which typically present a long-standing perianal fistulas. Some authors suggest that the fistulous tracts are congenital duplications of the lower end of the hind gut lined by rectal mucosa which is prone to malignant change to mucinous adenocarcinoma. It is usually a well differentiated mucinous (colloid) adenocarcinoma. The prognosis after wide excision of the rectum is relatively good. Since 1985, we have had three cases of anal duct carcinoma with well differentiated mucinous adenocarcinoma involving the posterior wall of the anus. Two patients had a long history of perianal fistula with mucinous discharge. There was no spread to the regional lymph node except one patient who had regional lymph node metastasis, and post-operative chemotherapy and radiation therapy were then given. All patients have no evidence of any recurrent problem at 16 months to 3 years following the surgical treatment. Because of their rarity and the failure of recognition at an early stage, we are presenting three cases to emphasize the characteristic features of this insidious, slow-growing carcinoma.
Polymerase Chain Reaction Analysis of Human Papillomavirus in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma with its Correlation to p53 mutation.
Wan Seop Kim, Eun Kyung Hong, In Kyu Kim, Moon Hyang Park, Jung Dal Lee
Korean J Pathol. 1996;30(11):1018-1026.
  • 1,368 View
  • 12 Download
AbstractAbstract PDF
HPV infection has been implicated strongly in the pathogenesis of human squamous cell carcinoma(SCC). We analysed a series of 28 surgically removed, invasive squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus by polymerase chain reaction to detect HPV DNA using consensus primers and 8 type-specific primers of HPV (6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 51). HPV 6, 31, 35 or 51 DNA were detected in 20 out of 28 cases (71.4%) of the esophageal SCCs. HPV 51 was the most frequently detected type, occuring in 13 out of 28 cases (46.4%). p53 immunohistochemical staining was also performed to demonstrate any relationship to HPV DNA positivity. It showed positivity in 16 out of 28(57.1%) esophageal SCCs, and HPV DNA and p53 positivity were concurrently detected in 11 out of 28 cases of SCCs. There was no significant inverse relation between HPV DNA positivity and p53 expression(p>0.05). Our results supported HPV involvement in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, and suggested there may be another pathway not related to the p53-binding pathway in the carcinogenesis of esophageal SCCs by HPV.
Case Report
Gastrointestinal Adenomatous Polyposis Associated with Small Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Rectosigmoid: A case report.
Wan Seop Kim, Eun Kyung Hong, Kang Sik Kim, Kwang Soo Lee, Jung Dal Lee
Korean J Pathol. 1996;30(11):1040-1044.
  • 1,386 View
  • 11 Download
AbstractAbstract PDF
In adenomatous polyposis coli there are many colonic and extracolonic manifestations, and various combinations of these induce different clinical presentations and syndromes. We experienced a unique case of adenomatous polyposis of the large intestine and stomach in a 39-year-old man. In the colon, small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma rather than adenocarcinoma had developed, which did not contain adenomatous or carcinomatous foci. The adenomatous polyps in the colon were all small and sessile with no cancerous or precancerous change two years after the resection of the symptomatic gastric adenomas, even though the gastric adenomas were larger and showed dysplastic change. We think this case is another variant of adenomatous polyposis syndrome.
Original Article
Clear Cell Islet Cell Tumor of the Pancreas: An Immunohistochemical and Ultrastructural study.
Seung Sam Paik, Young Ha Oh, Eun Kyung Hong, Moon Hyang Park, Jung Dal Lee
Korean J Pathol. 1997;31(2):162-166.
  • 1,523 View
  • 11 Download
AbstractAbstract PDF
A clear cell islet cell tumor of the pancreas is extremely rare and characterized by extensive clear cell components. Electron microscopic and immunohistochemical findings are essential to prove that the mass with clear cells is an unusual manifestation of an islet cell tumor. Herein, we report a case of clear cell islet cell tumor of a 54-year-old woman with abdominal pain. The tumor was composed of polygonal clear cells arranged in nests, trabeculae, and ribbon pattern with the extensively fibrous stroma. These tumor cells showed strong reactivity for chromogranin and weak reactivity for somatostatin and glucagon. An electron microscope revealed that the important contributing factor of the clear cytoplasmic change was mainly due to an accumulation of lipid droplets, coupled with cytoplasmic swelling in some areas. Some tumor cells showed many endosecretory granules ranging from 111 to 297nm in diameter. In the clinical and immunohistochemical findings these granules were consistent with somatostatin granules in morphology and size.
Case Report
Ossifying Fibromyxoid Tumor of Soft Parts.
Seok Hoon Jeon, Seung Sam Paik, Eun Kyung Hong, Moon Hyang Park, Jung Dal Lee
Korean J Pathol. 1997;31(2):174-178.
  • 1,434 View
  • 15 Download
AbstractAbstract PDF
An ossifying fibromyxoid tumor of soft parts is a rare, recently described, fibro-osseous neoplasm of uncertain histogenesis. It occurs most frequently within the subcutis or skeletal muscle of the extremities. Its biologic behavior is generally regarded as benign with at worst a locally aggressive clinical course. But, atypical and malignant variants have been recently reported. Herein we report a case of a benign ossifying fibromyxoid tumor which occurred in the left upper back of 41-year-old man. The tumor is composed of uniformly round or polygonal cells arranged in cords or nests which are separated by myxoid and hyalinzed fibrous matrix and associated with irregular bony trabeculae. The tumor cells are strong positive for vimentin. Ultrastructural findings and a review of literatures are added.
Original Article
Grading System for Gastric Epithelial Proliferative Diseases Standardized Guidelines proposed by Korean Study Group for Pathology of Digestive Diseases.
Hoguen Kim, So Young Jin, Ja June Jang, Woo Ho Kim, Sang Yong Song, Kyu Rae Kim, Eun Sil Yu, Hyung Sik Shin, Han Kyeom Kim, Jin Hee Sohn, Eun Kyung Hong, Youn Wha Kim, Jin Sook Jeong, Chang Jin Kim, Shin Eun Choi, In Suh Park, Chan Il Park, Yong Il Kim
Korean J Pathol. 1997;31(5):389-400.
  • 1,683 View
  • 36 Download
AbstractAbstract PDF
The assessment of epithelial changes in gastric mucosal biopsies has been one of the major problems caused by inconsistencies in and disagreements about nomenclature and interpretation. To resolve these issues, members of the Study Group for Pathology of Digestive Diseases reviewed microslides of 50 gastric lesions showing varying degrees of mucosal abnormality and reached the following consensus; 1) the proliferating gastric epithelium can be divided into hyperplastic and neoplastic; 2) the term "dysplasia" is reserved for the microscopic epithelial changes that are unequivocally neoplastic; 3) Biopsy specimens can be categorized as regenerative(negative for dysplasia), indefinite(questionable dysplasia), positive(positive for dysplasia) and overt carcinoma; 4) The positive category can be divided into two subgroups, high grade dysplasia and low grade dysplasia. Criteria for each grade are presented and discussed. We offer these guidelines for establishing the correct diagnosis of the gastric mucosal biopsy specimens and for prospective studies.
Case Reports
Granular Cell Tumor of the Thyroid.
Haeng Ji Kang, Eun Kyung Hong, Moon Hyang Park, Jung Dal Lee
Korean J Pathol. 1998;32(1):63-67.
  • 1,600 View
  • 17 Download
AbstractAbstract PDF
Granular cell tumor is not uncommon and is a well recognized entity which may arise at virtually any site of the body. However, occurrence in the thyroid is extremely rare and has not been described well. Only three cases could be found in the English literatures. We report a case of granular cell tumor of the thyroid in a 30 year-old woman. The tumor was illdefined, infiltrative and was composed of diffuse sheets of polygonal to fusiform cells with abundant eosinophilic granular cytoplasm. The tumor showed evidence of Schwann cell differentiation in immunohistochemical and ultrastructural examinations. Differentiation from more common thyroid tumors having oncocytic granular cytoplasm should be made by immunohistochemistry or electron microscopy.
Intraductal Variant of Peripheral Cholangiocarcinoma of the Liver A report of three cases.
Won Mi Lee, Seok Hoon Jeon, Eun Kyung Hong, Moon Hyang Park, Jung Dal Lee
Korean J Pathol. 1998;32(3):222-225.
  • 1,401 View
  • 12 Download
AbstractAbstract PDF
Intraductal variant of peripheral cholangiocarcinoma is extremely rare. This variant shows intraductal growth and intraluminal extension without any infiltrative growth. The mode of intraductal growth is not known. The prognosis of this variant is better than that of usual cholangiocarcinoma. We report three cases, one of which is associated with Clonorchis sinensis (CS) infection. The tumors were entirely confined within the dilated peripheral tributaries of the intrahepatic bile duct. Microscopically, the tumors were well to moderately well differentiated, with a papillary or a micropapillary growth pattern. Focal clear cytoplasmic change and mucin production were noted. The tumors showed intraductal spreading without any invasion to the liver parenchyme. Mucosal hyperplasia and dysplasia were noted in the adjacent ducts. The authors assume that intraductal cholangiocarcinoma is a distinct subtype, and persistent irritation, such as, CS infection may undergo a malignant transformation through mucosal dysplasia.
Original Article
Gastrointestinal Polyposis in Koreans: A Nationwide Survey of Clinicopathologic Analysis of 112 Surgically Resected Cases.
Mee Soo Chang, Hoguen Kim, Woo Ho Kim, Chan Il Park, Eun Kyung Hong, Han Kyeom Kim, In Soo Suh, Byung Kee Kim, Ja June Jang, Woon Sub Han, Hyung Sik Shin, So Young Jin, Dae Young Kang, Yong Il Kim
Korean J Pathol. 1998;32(6):404-412.
  • 1,772 View
  • 11 Download
AbstractAbstract
Gastrointestinal polyposis (GIP) is a rare disease characterized by formation of the numerous polyps in the gastrointestinal tract and presenting several extraintestinal manifestations. Most of the diseases are transmitted in an autosomal dominant pattern. In Korea, the epidemiological study as well as the pathological analysis of the GIP is not well established. We therefore analysed 38 items of GIP using surgically resected specimens. The materials in this study were collected from the 12 institutions and case reports in Korean literature between 1980 and 1991. The clinicopathologic findings were reevaluated by several members of the study group for gastrointestinal pathology. The results are as follows: (1) A total of 112 cases were included in this study: 83 cases were collected from 12 institutions and 29 cases were collected from Korean literature. The cases were classified as familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP), 59 cases; Gardner's syndrome, 3 cases; juvenile polyposis, 12 cases; Peutz-Jeghers syndrome, 35 cases; multiple colonic adenomas, 3 cases. (2) Among 59 cases of FAP, the range of age at operation was 14 to 61 years, and a family history was positive in 25 cases. The number of polyps in colorectum was 100~8,000. Of the 37 cases in which the examination of polyp density was available, 16 cases (43%) showed the highest density in the rectum and the sigmoid colon. The carcinomatous change within polyp(s) was present in 18 cases (31%), and associated advanced single or multiple colonic carcinomas existed in 37 cases (63%). Twenty-six (45%) tumors out of total 58 carcinomas were in the rectum. Twenty-five patients were evaluated for the upper gastrointestinal lesions, and 11 patients (44%) had pathologic lesions; multiple fundic gland polyps in 3 cases (12%), gastric and duodenal adenomas in 2 cases (8%), gastric adenomas in 2 cases (8%), duodenal adenomas in 2 cases (8%), gastric carcinoma and adenoma in 1 case (4%), gastric carcinoma in 1 case (4%). (3) Among 3 cases of Gardner's syndrome, the range of age at operation was 25 to 31 years, a family history was identified in 2 cases. One case was associated with an advanced colonic carcinoma and carcinomatous change within polyp. Extra gastrointestinal lesions were sebaceous cyst, epidermal cyst, osteoma and desmoid tumor. (4) Among 12 juvenile polyposis, the range of age at operation was 8 to 51 years and 5 patients had a family history. The carcinomatous change within polyp was found in 2 cases (17%) and associated advanced colonic carcinoma was in 4 cases (33%). The associated different type of polyps was tubular adenomas in 9 cases (75%), hyperplastic polyps in 4 cases (33%) and villous adenomas in 2 cases (17%). (5) Among 35 Peutz-Jeghers syndrome, the range of age at first operation was 6 to 42 years, family history was positive in 11 cases. The carcinomatous change within polyp was found in 1 case (3%), and associated advanced colonic carcinoma in 1 case (3%). The epithelial misplacement was observed in 4 cases (11%), and tubular or villous adenomatous feature in 4 cases (11%). In summary, the most frequent GIP for the surgical resection in Korea is FAP and the FAP is associated with high incidence of coexisting advanced and intramucosal carcinomas. Hamartomatous polyposis syndromes, such as juvenile polyposis and Peutz-Jeghers syndrome are another frequent disease for the surgical resection and are also associated with an increased risk of cancer.

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